Product design case study

ShiftForge AI.

Labor planning, allocation
and exception review

Patrick Teall

Complete ShiftForge home screen with navigation, operational priorities and an action inbox
Hook: the agency can only staff an accurate, approved request. Production variability is upstream context. The screenshot is the redesigned prototype with sample data, not a measured outcome.

Why I designed and built ShiftForge

My role

Earlier domain work

2years

designing in this problem space

Researching and improving labor planning, shift operations and time records.

ShiftForge

3months

Independent product design and build

Workflows, recommendations, approval controls and the interface.

Patrick observed the work across departments, operators, agency managers, and directors. He redesigned earlier planning, allocation, time, and HR flows. The independent AI-native product and build are his. Three-month duration retained from the existing opening draft.

Staffing for contract manufacturing

Industry context
Manufacturing equipment and a control panel on a factory production line

Contract manufacturers

Manufacturers make products for other brands.

Staffing agency

Agencies supply workers as production needs change.

Keep this to a brief definition before explaining responsibilities. Brands place orders with a manufacturer; the manufacturer uses staffing agencies for temporary labor. Orient the audience to the relationship before moving to shared responsibilities. This illustrative factory photograph does not depict a ShiftForge customer, research participant, or verified temporary worker. Photo: Homa Appliances, Unsplash, _XDK4naBbgw, free under the Unsplash License.

Temp staffing is like
catering an event.

Adjust for scale and it's better to have
too much than too little.

Use this analogy to explain why staffing plans need room to adjust as production demand changes.

Staffing at a high level

Shared workflow
ManufacturerAgency
Manufacturer
1. Plan

Estimate labor needs by department.

Staffing agency
2. Staff

Accept labor request and allocate workers.

ManufacturerStaffing agency
3. Run shift

Respond to absences and assign surplus workers.

ManufacturerStaffing agency
4. Verify time

Resolve missing or inconsistent records.

ManufacturerStaffing agency
5. Invoice

Review labor costs and approve payment.

Use the sequence to orient the audience. The product starts with labor demand and carries records forward. It does not configure production lines.

Where staffing slows down

Operational friction
ManufacturerAgency
Manufacturer
1. Plan

Estimate labor needs by department.

Plans diverge as demand changes.

Staffing agency
2. Staff

Accept labor request and allocate workers.

Eligibility spans several sources.

ManufacturerStaffing agency
3. Run shift

Respond to absences, changes and overtime risk.

Coverage decisions delayed without attendance status.

ManufacturerStaffing agency
4. Verify time

Resolve missing or inconsistent records.

Supervisors are hard to reach.

ManufacturerStaffing agency
5. Invoice

Review labor costs and approve payment.

Approvals sit in separate inboxes.

This is a qualitative synthesis of Patrick’s cross-organization workflow observations, not a time-and-motion study. Each step requires people to compare records, confirm commitments, or route exceptions across organizational boundaries. Traditional separate staffing, scheduling, time, and billing tools make a current cross-party status difficult to assemble. The examples illustrate why manual action accumulates; do not claim every incumbent lacks each feature or assign measured time costs to these rows.

The cost becomes visible after the shift.

~4 hrs

of a coordinator’s week spent reconciling timesheets

15–30%

of invoices need a rate or overtime correction

3–5 days

to resolve a billing dispute over email

These figures were already in the opening draft and earlier case-study files. Their source records, sample, and dates need confirmation. They describe reported baseline pain, not ShiftForge impact. Remove this slide from interview delivery if the figures cannot be substantiated.

Problem

The processes for setting up plans
and allocating workers are still manual,
and corrections delay invoicing.

State the problem after the evidence: plan setup and allocation still require manual work, while corrections can hold up invoicing. These are workflow observations, not a measured outcome.

Goal

How can AI be utilized to reduce manual
processing and inform the decisions
that require human judgement.

Frame the design goal: reduce manual processing while keeping people informed for decisions that require human judgement.

The core workflows

Case focus
01Plans
02Timesheets
03Invoices
Introduce the three core workflows. Start with plan demand, approval and agency allocation.

From demand to a locked plan

Planning
Human actionAI-assisted
1

Draft plan

Manufacturer + AI

2

Approve demand

Manufacturer

3

Recommend workers

AI

4

Assign workers

Agency

5

Publish and lock

Agency

Follow the five-step planning flow from an AI-assisted draft through department approval, AI-assisted matching, agency assignment, and publication with a system lock. The agency publishes; the system locks the week. The full Plan interface comes next, followed by the opening details. The legend marks the primary action at each step; a recommendation is never itself an assignment or approval. Department heads manage their demand; permitted operations roles can manage across departments; agencies alone assign/unassign workers. A changed demand request reopens approval, and workers confirm assignment requests outside this captured state.

Draft plans

Planning
1Draft plan2345

Departments own requests

Ownership and accountability ensure accurate requests.

Plan in bulk

Faster processing cuts manual setup for an entire week of shifts.

Approved before fulfillment

Status visibility and prompted reminders prevent delays.

Utilize AI to draft plans

The agent can provide drafts based on user prompts and previous weeks.

The video shows the Add to plan form filling multiple positions across three roles, selected weekdays, and Area 1. The shift requirement belongs to the scheduled opening, but a shift selector is not visible in this crop; do not point to one. Authorized department users manage their own demand; operations permissions may span departments. AI can prepare a draft addition, but the user confirms it, and each department approves its request before agency fulfillment. The visible Add to plan button is a human action, not an approval.

Assistance works across pages

Interaction model

I kept the workspace the focus, with AI assistance visible when needed.

Open on any page to inform or assist with actions.

Why this interface: existing operators navigate datasets, not only conversation. The assistant can open across pages and use the current page, site, and relevant time period as context. This video shows a Plan-page example, not the limit of the interaction. Describe persistent memory as an opportunity if asked; the clip does not demonstrate it.

Agent recommended assignments

Planning
123Recommend workers45
Assignment proposal lists workers, scheduled hours, available days, and a human Assign action

How the AI recommends

A quick reference for eligibility and availability informs the decision.

Assignments are manager-approved

Human judgment prevents bias.

Workers confirm assignments

A response via text or app ensures the worker is available.

Reassignment allows flexibility

Adjustments for changes ensure coverage.

Climax: a recommendation does not equal a confirmed worker. The planner selects a worker and days, a manager approves the assignment, and the worker responds to the request. The modal shows the selection; manager approval and later worker confirmation by text or app are not shown in this capture. Agency users can assign and unassign workers; reassignment remains a human action. Immediate undo and permissioned audit amendments are part of the defined design; avoid implying they are visible in this modal. Video replacement: compare candidates, adjust days, select, undo.

The core workflows

Case focus
01Plans
02Timesheets
03Invoices
Transition from planning and allocation into worked time, exceptions and human review.

Tracking operations

Timesheets
Human actionAI-assistedAutomatic
1

Flag exceptions

2

Propose corrections

AI

3

Resolve and Approve

Manufacturer + agency

4

Submit

Agency

5

Generate Invoice

Trace the five-step timesheets flow. Worker punches enter the record before the sequence shown here. System checks flag exceptions, and the assistant proposes a fix. The combined Resolve and Approve step represents supervisor resolution and manufacturer or agency approval of changes; it does not collapse their separate authority. The agency submits the approved time, then the invoice is generated from that record. The action colors show the primary responsibility. This is a proposed workflow, not measured runtime behavior.

A live-data timesheet

Timesheets
1Flag exceptions2345
Worker timesheets table with filters open for status, flag, area and positionHours dashboard comparing worked and planned hours by area, with overtime and exception summaries

Filters & Sorting

Easily navigate the dataset

Real-time updates

Enables quicker adjustments through visibility

Call to action

Exceptions and OT forecasting enable prompt correction

The first captured prototype state opens filters over the worker timesheets table. Switch to the hours dashboard to show worked versus planned hours by area. These are sample end-of-week screenshots, not proof of a live data feed or a validated forecast. In the proposed workflow, hours update as shifts are logged; exception flags and an overtime forecast can prompt review before period close. Distinguish the dashboard’s 9.0 hours of logged overtime from a forward-looking forecast.

Proposed corrections

Timesheets
2Propose corrections
Missing clock-out exception with recorded punch-in, proposed correction, supervisor contact details, and reject, amend, and approve actions

Recorded gap

Clock-in exists; clock-out is missing.

Suggested default

Scheduled end needs confirmation.

Billing hold

Unconfirmed hours stay unbilled.

Human decision

Supervisor rejects, amends, or approves.

Read the difference between recorded 08:00 clock-in and scheduled 16:00 end. The scheduled end is the most likely proposed clock-out, not an observed event. The flag carries event date; Patrick describes age on exception flags. Supervisor confirmation supports the decision. The buttons allow approve, amend, reject. This is a defined default; do not imply an LLM must infer it.

The core workflows

Case focus
01Plans
02Timesheets
03Invoices
Transition from approved time records into invoice reconciliation and the final send decision.

From approved time to a paid invoice

Invoices
Human actionAI-assistedAutomatic
1

Draft invoice

System

2

Flag issues

AI agent

3

Resolve flags

Supervisor

4

Send to AP

Agency

5

Mark paid

Client AP

Trace the five-step reconciliation flow. The system drafts the invoice from approved hours and rates; AI flags issues; a supervisor resolves them; the agency sends the approved invoice to accounts payable; client AP marks it paid. The five stages are a design sequence, not a capture of one completed invoice transaction. A flag is a prompt to review, not a correction or approval.

Invoice flags with human approval

Invoices
2Flag issues
Expanded Reconcile flag card showing an overtime exception, cited time and policy records, a proposed billing adjustment, and supervisor review actions

System checks

Flags an overtime exception.

Source records

Provides sources for accountability

AI proposes

Explains the proposed adjustment.

Human decides

Reject, amend, or approve.

Use the expanded Reconcile flag card as a concrete example of the authority boundary. The orange overtime exception is a system check; TimeEntry, Policy, and RateCard chips cite the source; the proposed adjustment is prepared for review; D. Marquez can reject, amend, or approve. The screenshot is an isolated captured prototype state and should not be described as a continuation of the invoice totals on adjacent slides. Rates are HR-managed by worker/position and overtime rules are organization-defined.

Invoice review stays linked to worked time

Invoices

Inspect the worker’s source record

Worker time record opened from invoice review with a missing clock-out visible

Confirm the approved amount

Invoice send confirmation shows subtotal, approved adjustments and total to send

Approved changes carry into the invoice. Sending is a separate human action.

The two crops show different captured states. Do not animate them as a single uninterrupted transaction: the screenshots contain unresolved prototype totals. Left supports source inspection; right supports the final commitment gate. No claim that the time correction produced the shown invoice total. The dialog says the invoice cannot be edited after sending. Video replacement: verified source → resolved flags → correct total → send gate.

What the work establishes today

Evidence

Observed

Workflow knowledge

Years of direct exposure and redesign work across planning, allocation and time records.

Designed / demonstrated

Decision flows

A working early demo and redesigned interactions for proposals, approvals and record review.

Still unmeasured

Operational effect

Approval speed, assignment quality, distribution of hours and correction accuracy.

Honest non-result. No new testing or invented failure anecdote. The redesigned screenshots are prototype evidence, separate from the early working demo described in files. Ranking is being tuned. No claim of saved hours, lower overtime, fairness, or adoption.

The next test is decision quality

Next step

Before rollout

Can teams make decisions sooner by staying informed?

Approval lead time

Does an accurate request reach the agency earlier?

Recommendation quality

Do reviewers catch infeasible assignments and incorrect defaults?

Distribution of work

Does ranking overlook qualified workers or concentrate hours?

Close on the unresolved product decision. These are proposed evaluation criteria, not completed research. If the model adds no decision-quality benefit, narrow its role to drafting and explanation. Patrick should supply a personal reflection or real iteration before rehearsing a final script.

HR records define the eligible workforce

Backup · A1
People registry shows role, placement, employment status, rate and weekly hours
Status
Rate
Committed hours
Supporting source-of-record view. The capture shows roles/status/rates/hours. Patrick’s HR training-tag rule is described; do not claim a certification detail view is shown. Prototype records use sample data.

Timesheets

Backup · A2
Full Timesheets page with all metric cards unselected, worker table visible, and filters open
Full-page Timesheets prototype with no summary metric selected. The worker table is visible and the filters panel is open. Sample data, not a live performance result.

Invoice

Backup · A3
Full Invoice page with total, overtime, flags, audit trail, and worker line items
Full-page reconciliation prototype. The invoice is flagged and awaiting supervisor signoff before sending. Sample data; do not present this as an approved or paid invoice.

Competitive analysis

Backup · A4

Not one vendor fit both sides of the problem.

I compared 14 workforce products for factories and staffing agencies. These four vendors show the split; ShiftForge is the proposed middle.

VendorCategoryStaffing fitMfg fitHybrid
BullhornStaffing OS5 / 51 / 52 / 5
TempWorksStaffing OS4 / 52 / 52 / 5
ShiftboardMfg WFM1 / 55 / 52 / 5
UKG WFMMfg WFM2 / 54 / 53 / 5
ShiftForgeOrchestration layer4 / 54 / 54 / 5
Gap identified: staffing tools know placements and rates; workforce tools know coverage and hours. Corrections and reconciliation sit between them. This is an internal competitive synthesis across 14 products: sourcing, scheduling, time, approvals, payroll readiness, invoicing, manufacturing fit, staffing OS fit, and agency economics. The four named vendors are representative examples; ShiftForge is the intended design target, not an incumbent measured in the same market scan. Staffing OS strengths: sourcing to invoicing, agency economics and payroll readiness; common gaps: manufacturing fit, UX and implementation. Manufacturing WFM strengths: scheduling, time compliance and labor-cost reporting; gaps: agency economics and staffing-specific invoicing. Recruiting CRM/SMB tools were also reviewed but had less scheduling or back-office depth. Scores on this slide are the presentation synthesis supplied by Patrick; the older archived CSV uses a different scoring scheme.

AI assistance with human authority

Backup · A5

Rules establish

  • Training eligibility
  • Position rates and overtime
  • Approval permissions

AI prepares

  • Plans from history and a prompt
  • Assignment recommendations
  • Exception analysis and proposals

People authorize

  • Demand and assignments
  • Overtime and time edits
  • Invoice approval

Changes to staffing, time and billing require a human decision.

Core product decision: retain deterministic eligibility/rates/RBAC. AI may create reversible plan drafts and propose actions. Avoid calling it wholly read-only; source datasets are read access, while draft creation is a bounded write. Model advantage over rules/templates is not established.